Table 1 Results of the pre- and post-workshop questionnaires on EBM (n = 37).

Q1. Have you ever read English or Japanese clinical literature?

21 (57 %)

16 (43 %)

Q2. Have you ever learned how to critically read clinical literature?

7 (19 %)

30 (81 %)

Q3. How did you learn to critically read clinical literature?

University lecture: 6

Laboratory seminar: 1

Q4. Do you think that pharmacists should read clinical literature regularly?

5.70 ± 0.17

6.51 ± 0.13

<0.0001

Q5. Are you confident in your ability to read clinical literature?

1.81 ± 0.15

3.92 ± 0.18

<0.0001

Q6. If you were a hospital pharmacist, could you discuss treatment with nurses and physicians based on the results of clinical literature?

2.49 ± 0.22

3.86 ± 0.21

<0.0001

EBM test (15 questions)

11.4 ± 0.29

12.6 ± 0.22

<0.0001