Impact of Pharmacists’ audit on improving the quality of prescription of dabigatran etexilate methanesulfonate: a retrospective study

Table 4 Summary of previous and present studies investigating inappropriate prescriptions of dabigatran

Authors [ref.]	Country	Design	Number of patients	Study patients	IM (%)	Bleeding rate (%)	Comments
Armbruster et al. [12]	USA	R	458	I	16.6	14.4	-
Simon et al. [13]	USA	R	395	A	2	16	No serum creatinine levels were available within 1 week before and after the time of dabigatran initiation in 37% of patients.
Kimmons et al. [14]	USA	R	160	I	9^a, 10^b	3.8	^aIndication and ^bdose. Only 61% of patients were newly initiated on dabigatran during the study period.
McDonald et al. [15]	USA, Canada and Australia	R	16,000	A	34.1–51.1	27.3–43.7	PIM was judged solely by co-administration of medicines potentially increase bleeding risk^c
Larock et al. [16]	Belgium	P	69	I/A	49	14.7	MAI was used for assessing PIM
Basaran et al. [17]	Turkey	P	148	A	47	NA	MAI was used for assessing PIM
Chowdhry et al. [18]	Canada	R	109	I	31.2	NA	-
The present study	Japan	R	228	I/A	I (11) vs. A (33)	7.7	Inappropriate prescription was judged according to the descriptions in prescribing information

R retrospective chart review, P prospective study, I inpatients, A ambulant patients, MAI medication appropriate index, MAI is a tool designed to measure appropriateness of prescribing for people aged 65 years and older using 10 criteria comprising indication, choice, dosage, modalities and practicability of administration, drug-drug interaction and cost-effectiveness. [16, 17], IM inappropriate medication PIM potentially inappropriate medication, NA not available
^cselective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, oral corticosteroids, systemic azole antifungals, macrolide antibiotics, HIV protease inhibitors, cyclosporine, dronedarone, tacrolimus, verapamil, amiodarone and quinidine

ISSN: 2055-0294