Total | Hospital (n = 92) | Community pharmacy (n = 67) | p-valuea | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |||
Gender | male | 110 | 69.2 | 72 | 78.3 | 38 | 56.7 | 0.005* |
female | 49 | 30.8 | 20 | 21.7 | 29 | 43.3 | ||
Age (year) | median [range] | 68 [32–88] | 65[32–87] | 70[42–88] | 0.001* | |||
BMI | median [range] | 24.0 [15.2–34.8] | 24.0[15.9–34.8] | 24.0[15.2–34.0] | 0.446 | |||
Diabetes Duration (year) | median [range] | 11,0 [0–55] | 12.0[0–55] | 10.0[1–53] | 0.447 | |||
HbA1c (%) | median [range] | 7.0 [4.4–10.6] | 7.0 [4.4–10.0] | 7.1 [5.9–10.6] | 0.364 | |||
Diabetes history of relatives | yes | 88 | 55.3 | 48 | 52.2 | 40 | 0.420 | |
no | 71 | 44.7 | 44 | 47.8 | 27 | |||
Complications | retinopathy | 14 | 8.8 | 9 | 9.8 | 5 | 7.5 | 0.779 |
nephropathy | 10 | 6.3 | 8 | 8.7 | 2 | 3.0 | 0.193 | |
neuropathy | 16 | 10.1 | 8 | 8.7 | 8 | 11.9 | 0.596 | |
cardiovascular | 18 | 11.3 | 11 | 12.0 | 7 | 10.4 | 0.806 | |
non | 106 | 66.7 | 62 | 67.4 | 45 | 67.2 | 0.923 | |
Therapy | exercise therapy | 52 | 32.7 | 33 | 35.9 | 19 | 28.4 | 0.393 |
diet therapy | 71 | 44.7 | 47 | 51.1 | 24 | 35.8. | 0.075 | |
insulin therapy | 54 | 34.0 | 40 | 43.5 | 14 | 20.9 | 0.004* | |
Diabetes knowledge (the general knowledge subscale) | average (SD) [range] | 9.8 (3.4) [0–16] | 10.4 (2.4) [4–16] | 8.9 (4.2) [0–16] | 0.050 | |||
Number of medications | median [range] | 5 [1–20] | 5 [1–20] | 5 [1–17] | 0.577 | |||
Number of doses per day | median [range] | 8 [0–50] | 9 [1–50] | 8 [0–28] | 0.137 | |||
Patient’s perception | Factor 1. Feeling of inferiority | 3.1 (2.3) [0–10] | 3.0 (2.2) [0–8] | 3.2 (2.5) [0–10] | 0.745 | |||
Factor 2. Living a tidy life | 6.9 (2.1) [0–10] | 7.1 (2.1) [0–10] | 6.8 (2.1) [1–10] | 0.195 | ||||
Factor 3. Feeling of restriction | 5.2 (1.9) [0.2–9] | 4.9 (1.9) [0.2–8.6] | 5.5 (1.7) [1–9] | 0.076 | ||||
Factor 4. Feeling miserable | 5.3 (2.1) [0–10] | 5.6 (2.1) [0–10] | 4.9 (2.1) [0–9.67] | 0.028 | ||||
Factor 5. Feeling of getting into trouble | 3.9 (1.9) [0–9.67] | 3.8 (1.7) [0–7.17] | 3.9 (2.2) [0–9.67] | 0.919 | ||||
Factor 6. Feeling of intemperance | 6.2 (1.9) [0–10] | 6.4 (1.7) [2.33–10] | 6.1 (2.2) [0–9.33] | 0.797 | ||||
Factor 7. Feeling of portentous | 6.5 (2.0) [0.67–10] | 6.8 (1.6) [2.33–10] | 6.0 (2.3) [0.67–10] | 0.013 |