Fig. 3
Forest plot of meta-analysis of fracture risk associated with anticholinergic burden using ACB. Gray box (â– ) represents sample size in each study. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are shown. The analysis was performed using Mantel-Haenszel methods with random effects model. *Anticholinergic drugs used were amitriptyline (3%), paroxetine (2%), doxepin (0.6%), nortriptyline (0.5%), imipramine (0.1%), desipramine (0.04%), clomipramine (0.01%), and protriptyline (0.01%). All drugs except protriptyline are listed as ACB 3 points. However, since few patients used protriptyline, we categorized all anticholinergic drugs used as ACB 3 points. **Anticholinergic drugs used were oxybutynin, trospium, tolterodine, solifenacin, and propiverine. All drugs are listed as ACB 3 points