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Table 2 Patient and microbiological characteristics

From: Association between vancomycin pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters, patient characteristics, and mortality in patients with bacteremia caused by vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium: a single-center retrospective study

Characteristic

All patients

(N = 45)

30-day all-cause mortality group

(N = 12)

Survival group

(N = 33)

P-value

Sex (men: women)

27:18

8:4

19:14

0.74 i)

Age (years) a

73 (64–83)

71 (63–79)

75 (63–84)

0.38 ii)

Height (cm)a

158.0 (151.8–166.0)

159.2 (153.5–169.4)

156.7 (150.3–165.3)

0.24 ii)

Body weight (kg)a

51.0 (42.8–56.9)

56.5 (48.6–68.6)

48.8 (41.5–54.7)

0.012 ii)

Number of ICU admissions

12 (26.7%)

3 (25%)

9 (27.3%)

0.11 i)

ID specialist interventions

27 (60.0%)

6 (50.0%)

21 (63.6%)

0.50 i)

Monotherapy

(number of patients)

45

12

33

1.00 i)

ALT (IU/L) a

30 (16–55)

25 (13–44)

33 (16–64)

0.29 ii)

ALP (IU/L, N = 40)a

544 (302–1245)

557 (306–822, N = 10)

545 (286–1467, N = 30)

0.53 ii)

T–Bil (mg/dL)a

0.9 (0.5–3.1)

1.0 (0.5–2.8)

0.8 (0.5–3.3)

0.63 ii)

WBC (×  103/μL) a

8.5 (4.9–12.3)

12.5 (7.0–23.8)

7.4 (4.8–11.3)

0.047 ii)

PLT (× 103/μL)a

176.0 (101.5–269.5)

101.5 (86.0–15)

237.0 (127.0–303.0)

0.0056 ii)

SCr (mg/dL)a

0.81 (0.66–1.00)

0.79 (0.65–0.96)

0.83 (0.66–1.01)

0.75 ii)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)a

67.0 (52.0–78.0)

71.0 (51.3–78.0)

66.0 (52.0–77.0)

0.69 ii)

CLcr (mL/min)ab

53.6 (39.4–78.1)

61.7 (51.4–89.1)

48.9 (36.7–73.4)

0.10 ii)

ARC risk scorea

1 (1–1)

1 (0–1)

1 (1–1)

0.09 ii)

Acute kidney injury patientsc

11 (24.4%)

5 (41.7%)

6 (18.2%)

0.11 i)

CCIa

4(2–6)

6 (5–7)

3 (2–6)

0.0081 ii)

SOFA score (a)a

2 (0–4)

3 (1–6)

2 (0–3)

0.060 ii)

SOFA score (b)a

2 (0–5)

6 (4–8)

2 (0–2)

< 0.0001 ii)

SOFA score (b)-(a)a

0 (0–1)

3 (0–3)

0 (−1–0)

< 0.0001 ii)

Suspected origin of infection

 Catheter-related infection

4

3

1

N.A

 Biliary tract infection

22

5

17

 Urinary tract infection

5

2

3

 Intra–abdominal infection

5

0

5

 Unknown

9

2

7

MIC of vancomycin for Enterococcus faecium

  ≤ 0.5 μg/mL

14

4 (33.3%)

10 (30.3%)

NA

 1.0 μg/mL

29

7 (58.3%)

22 (66.7%)

 2.0 μg/mL

1

0

1 (3.0%)

 4.0 μg/mL

1

1 (8.3%)

0

Positive polymicrobial blood culture

15

3

12

0.72 i)

  1. SOFA score (a): at the onset of E. faecium bacteremia
  2. SOFA score (b): at the first measurement of the vancomycin trough concentration
  3. ALT alanine aminotransferase, ALP alkaline phosphatase, ARC augmented renal clearance, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, CLcr estimated creatinine clearance, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ICU intensive care unit, ID infectious disease, MIC minimum inhibitory concentration, NA not available, PLT platelet count, SCr serum creatinine level, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, T-Bil total bilirubin, WBC white blood cell count
  4. i) Fisher’s exact test, ii) Mann-Whitney U test
  5. aExpressed as median (interquartile range, IQR)
  6. bCalculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation
  7. cPatients with acute kidney injury evaluated at the first measurement of the vancomycin trough concentration
  8. The P-value was calculated by processing the comparison between the 30-day all-cause mortality group and the survival group by an appropriate statistical analysis