Table 2 Proportions of antipsychotic prescriptions by year (excluding patients with developmental disabilities)
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Males | |||||||||
All patients | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 408 | 411 | 374 | 373 | 377 | 342 | 362 | 354 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 78.4 | 79.8 | 78.3 | 75.1 | 73.5 | 77.5 | 71.8 | 77.4 | 0.06 |
Aripiprazole, % | 18.6 | 20.2 | 21.7 | 22.5 | 25.7 | 28.1 | 28.7 | 30.8 | < 0.001 |
Risperidone, % | 41.2 | 44.5 | 40.6 | 40.2 | 33.7 | 38.6 | 31.5 | 29.7 | < 0.001 |
Quetiapine, % | 9.3 | 8.3 | 10.2 | 7.8 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 0.06 |
Olanzapine, % | 9.8 | 8.3 | 10.2 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 10.5 | 0.73 |
Sulpiride, % | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 5.6 | < 0.001 |
Brexpiprazole, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 2.8 | < 0.001 |
Lurasidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 2.8 | < 0.001 |
Perospirone, % | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 0.62 |
Haloperidol, % | 4.7 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 0.005 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.97 |
Levomepromazine, % | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 0.8 | 0.21 |
Blonanserin, % | 1.7 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.59 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.33 |
Paliperidone, % | 1.7 | 1.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.01 |
Prochlorperazine, % | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.80 |
Asenapine, % | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.42 |
Clozapine, % | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.95 |
Zotepine, % | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.01 |
Fluphenazine, % | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.82 |
Bromperidol, % | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.30 |
0–4 years | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 9 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 12 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 66.7 | 57.1 | 53.3 | 66.7 | 50.0 | 72.7 | 63.6 | 50.0 | 0.87 |
Risperidone, % | 66.7 | 42.9 | 40.0 | 60.0 | 41.7 | 54.5 | 36.4 | 25.0 | 0.16 |
Aripiprazole, % | 11.1 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 16.7 | 27.3 | 27.3 | 16.7 | 0.10 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.3 | 0.11 |
Quetiapine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.84 |
Haloperidol, % | 0.0 | 7.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.26 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.51 |
5–12 years | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 126 | 118 | 103 | 106 | 93 | 74 | 80 | 85 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 89.7 | 83.9 | 82.5 | 77.4 | 75.3 | 75.7 | 73.8 | 83.5 | 0.01 |
Aripiprazole, % | 17.5 | 19.5 | 21.4 | 21.7 | 24.7 | 31.1 | 32.5 | 43.5 | < 0.001 |
Risperidone, % | 63.5 | 63.6 | 61.2 | 56.6 | 41.9 | 39.2 | 41.3 | 40.0 | < 0.001 |
Quetiapine, % | 5.6 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 9.7 | 6.8 | 5.0 | 7.1 | 0.21 |
Olanzapine, % | 2.4 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 0.76 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.97 |
Sulpiride, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 0.02 |
Paliperidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.04 |
Haloperidol, % | 4.8 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 4.1 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 0.23 |
Blonanserin, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.07 |
Perospirone, % | 1.6 | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.19 |
Lurasidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.09 |
Prochlorperazine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.71 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.8 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.19 |
Levomepromazine, % | 1.6 | 0.8 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.05 |
13–18 years | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 273 | 279 | 256 | 252 | 272 | 257 | 271 | 257 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 73.6 | 79.2 | 78.1 | 74.6 | 73.9 | 78.2 | 71.6 | 76.7 | 0.59 |
Aripiprazole, % | 20.1 | 22.2 | 22.7 | 25.0 | 26.5 | 28.8 | 28.0 | 30.0 | < 0.001 |
Risperidone, % | 33.3 | 40.5 | 35.2 | 34.9 | 32.4 | 38.5 | 29.5 | 29.2 | 0.04 |
Quetiapine, % | 12.1 | 11.1 | 13.7 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 13.2 | 13.7 | 14.4 | 0.30 |
Olanzapine, % | 13.9 | 12.2 | 14.1 | 10.7 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 11.1 | 13.6 | 0.27 |
Sulpiride, % | 2.9 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 3.7 | 7.8 | 0.00 |
Brexpiprazole, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 2.6 | 3.9 | < 0.001 |
Lurasidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 3.5 | < 0.001 |
Perospirone, % | 1.5 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 0.37 |
Haloperidol, % | 4.8 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 0.02 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 2.2 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.72 |
Levomepromazine, % | 2.2 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 0.41 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.07 |
Blonanserin, % | 2.6 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.16 |
Prochlorperazine, % | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.62 |
Paliperidone, % | 2.6 | 2.5 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.0 | < 0.001 |
Zotepine, % | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00 |
Bromperidol, % | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.27 |
Asenapine, % | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.50 |
Clozapine, % | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.86 |
Fluphenazine, % | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.77 |
Females | |||||||||
All patients | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 473 | 488 | 450 | 488 | 513 | 554 | 665 | 730 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 76.1 | 75.6 | 70.9 | 78.3 | 74.1 | 73.3 | 79.5 | 78.8 | 0.045 |
Aripiprazole, % | 20.7 | 23.6 | 24.7 | 28.5 | 29.0 | 30.1 | 34.6 | 36.7 | < 0.001 |
Quetiapine, % | 22.2 | 19.9 | 18.4 | 22.1 | 23.0 | 23.6 | 25.3 | 23.6 | 0.02 |
Risperidone, % | 31.5 | 32.4 | 29.3 | 27.9 | 26.1 | 24.2 | 23.8 | 20.0 | < 0.001 |
Olanzapine, % | 10.4 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 7.0 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 0.49 |
Lurasidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 4.1 | 6.3 | < 0.001 |
Sulpiride, % | 3.4 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 5.4 | 6.2 | < 0.001 |
Brexpiprazole, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.7 | < 0.001 |
Levomepromazine, % | 1.5 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 0.92 |
Perospirone, % | 4.2 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 0.10 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 2.1 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 0.41 |
Blonanserin, % | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 0.03 |
Asenapine, % | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.35 |
Paliperidone, % | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.13 |
Haloperidol, % | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
Prochlorperazine, % | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.56 |
Zotepine, % | 1.1 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.02 |
Pipamperone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.19 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.07 |
Oxypertine, % | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.10 |
Clozapine, % | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.07 |
Fluphenazine, % | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.04 |
Bromperidol, % | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.10 |
0–4 years | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 7 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 4 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 71.4 | 71.4 | 80.0 | 50.0 | 66.7 | 25.0 | 40.0 | 25.0 | 0.03 |
Aripiprazole, % | 14.3 | 14.3 | 20.0 | 33.3 | 50.0 | 25.0 | 0.0 | 25.0 | 0.77 |
Quetiapine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.0 | 0.0 | 16.7 | 25.0 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.47 |
Haloperidol, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.20 |
Risperidone, % | 57.1 | 57.1 | 40.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.004 |
5–12 years | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 83 | 93 | 74 | 76 | 74 | 73 | 70 | 81 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 71.0 | 81.0 | 53.0 | 65.0 | 59.0 | 46.0 | 60.0 | 70.0 | 0.50 |
Aripiprazole, % | 25.3 | 30.1 | 25.7 | 23.7 | 31.1 | 27.4 | 41.4 | 45.7 | 0.002 |
Risperidone, % | 48.2 | 47.3 | 44.6 | 51.3 | 37.8 | 30.1 | 31.4 | 30.9 | < 0.001 |
Quetiapine, % | 16.9 | 10.8 | 8.1 | 15.8 | 14.9 | 9.6 | 18.6 | 9.9 | 0.85 |
Olanzapine, % | 2.4 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 6.8 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 7.4 | 0.06 |
Sulpiride, % | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 0.07 |
Brexpiprazole, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 0.003 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 0.32 |
Lurasidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.03 |
Levomepromazine, % | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 2.5 | 0.43 |
Paliperidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 0.12 |
Blonanserin, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.24 |
Haloperidol, % | 2.4 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 0.08 |
Fluphenazine, % | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.30 |
Prochlorperazine, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 0.26 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.30 |
Perospirone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.34 |
13–18 years | |||||||||
Patients with schizophrenia, n | 383 | 388 | 371 | 406 | 433 | 477 | 590 | 645 | |
Prescriptions for any antipsychotic, % | 74.2 | 72.9 | 70.6 | 77.3 | 73.2 | 75.3 | 79.2 | 78.1 | 0.005 |
Aripiprazole, % | 21.1 | 22.9 | 24.5 | 29.6 | 28.6 | 31.9 | 34.9 | 35.7 | < 0.001 |
Quetiapine, % | 23.8 | 22.7 | 20.8 | 23.9 | 24.9 | 26.6 | 26.3 | 25.4 | 0.07 |
Risperidone, % | 28.2 | 30.2 | 26.7 | 24.6 | 24.2 | 24.7 | 23.2 | 19.5 | < 0.001 |
Olanzapine, % | 12.3 | 13.9 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 7.5 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 0.10 |
Lurasidone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 4.6 | 7.0 | < 0.001 |
Sulpiride, % | 3.9 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 5.8 | 6.5 | < 0.001 |
Brexpiprazole, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 4.4 | 4.8 | < 0.001 |
Perospirone, % | 5.2 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 0.03 |
Levomepromazine, % | 1.8 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 4.4 | 3.5 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 0.75 |
Chlorpromazine, % | 2.3 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 0.82 |
Blonanserin, % | 2.9 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 0.01 |
Asenapine, % | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.45 |
Paliperidone, % | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.04 |
Haloperidol, % | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 | < 0.001 |
Prochlorperazine, % | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.82 |
Zotepine, % | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.01 |
Pipamperone, % | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.21 |
Propericiazine, % | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.10 |
Oxypertine, % | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.09 |
Clozapine, % | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.06 |
Fluphenazine, % | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.03 |
Bromperidol, % | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.09 |